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Immunity

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Immunity

 

Immunity is the ability of the human body to protect itself from infectious diseases. This involves complex defence mechanisms, which can be broadly categorised in two ways.

 

These are:

 

  • Innate (non-specific) immunity - present from birth and includes physical barriers (e.g., intact skin), chemicals in the blood and immune system cells that attack foreign cells in the body (e.g., phagocytic cells).
  • Acquired (specific, adaptive) immunity - generally specific to a single organism or to a group of closely related organisms such as immunity against Staphylococcus aureus (a bacteria which can cause skin infections).

 

There are two ways of acquiring immunity - active and passive.

 

1 Active immunity

 

This is protection produced by an individual’s own immune system and is usually long-lasting. Active immunity can be acquired by natural disease or by vaccination.

 

2 Passive immunity

 

This is protection provided from the transfer of antibodies from immune individuals. The most common example of this is the transfer of antibodies from mother to child through the placenta. This protection is temporary, usually lasting for a few weeks or months.

 

 

How vaccines work

 

Vaccines work by inducing active immunity and enabling the immune system to recognise and respond rapidly to exposure to natural infection in the future, thereby preventing or modifying the disease.

 

Vaccines can be made from inactivated (killed) viruses or bacteria (e.g., polio vaccine) or weakened live viruses or bacteria (e.g., the measles, mumps and rubella (MMR) vaccine). Although these antigens do not cause an infection, they do induce an immune response within the body that stimulate the production of antibodies. These antibodies are stored in the memory of the immune system and are there to protect the body if met with the same antigens at a later date.

Faheem Ahmed

Have Questions?

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Either give us a call on 01865 689 149 or book online.

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Book a Consultation

Providing NHS services

How to Find Us

Visit us at:
158 Oxford Road
Cowley, Oxford, OX4 2LA
Contact us at:
[email protected]
01865 689 149

Join over 1000's of patients who choose Ahmey's

Jackie Nakate
Jackie Nakate
2021-08-14
professional and lovely staff. The staff was super helpful and also called just to make sure I got my results without any mistakes.
Dimitris Kolokouris
Dimitris Kolokouris
2021-07-18
Went for a fit to fly PCR test. The staff were incredibly polite and helpful. They took special care to get my flight credentials correct and had my test result to me within less than a day. They guarantee to get your result the next day (even over weekends). Overall good service, I would recommend.
Margherita Davoli
Margherita Davoli
2021-06-22
I went today for a covid rapid- antigen test for travelling. Excellent service, they also gave me a pdf with the certificate for travelling, both paper and via email.
Elena Razzano
Elena Razzano
2021-05-27
I went to the clinic for a Covid Swab test: the nurse has been very professional and careful, the service has been perfect, fast and the certificate compliant for the fit to fly. I highly recommend this service and I will definitely use it again.
Aloise Fiala-Murphy
Aloise Fiala-Murphy
2021-05-25
Very good service, just did a PCR test for travelling. Helpful, on time and easy.
Susanne Mecklenburg
Susanne Mecklenburg
2021-05-24
Super service, competent, friendly, quick turn around of the results - really helpful. I can recommend it!
Michael Chipeta
Michael Chipeta
2021-02-04
Had Covid-19 fit to fly test. Results came promptly, in record time. Impressed with the service.
Shengpan Zhang
Shengpan Zhang
2021-01-24
Excellent service, very friendly and reliable
Kan Li
Kan Li
2021-01-19
Excellent people to work with! Great service, prompt communication, flexible schedule, and very reasonable price. 100/100 recommend for all kinds of fit-for-travel testing.